The theory
When a body falls, it accumulates energy. When the fall ends, this accumulated energy – the shock force – is distributed between all the elements in the belay chain. So the more elements there are, the more the shock force will be distributed.
However, as the rope is dynamic, it will absorb most of the shock force.
Le facteur de chute est calculé en divisant la longueur de la chute par la longueur de la corde déployée entre celui qui assure et celui qui tombe.
Example 1
Curiously, the first intermediate belay is 5 metres above the main one. I set off anyway. Unluckily, I let go just before clipping on my quickdraw. In this example, I’m falling 10 metres, even though the deployed rope is only 5 metres long:
FALL FACTOR = 10 / 5 = 2 …AND THE SHOCK IS MAXIMUM (EQUIVALENT TO SOME 12 kN).
Example 1bis
I climb according to the rules and place the first belay point 2.5 metres above the belay. As in example 1, I let go just before clipping the 2.5 metre intermediate belay. In this case, I only fall 5 metres for a deployed rope length of 5 metres:
FALL FACTOR = 5 / 5 = 1 … AND THE SHOCK IS 2 TIMES LESS!
Example 2
The intermediate belays are all 5 metres above each other. Everything’s going well for me. I’m 30 metres above the belay and I let go again just before clipping in. I fall another 10 metres but this time the length of rope deployed is 30 metres:
FALL FACTOR = 10 / 30 = 0.33 …AND THE SHOCK, IN THEORY, IS 6 TIMES LESS THAN IN EXAMPLE 1.